Freshteh Vafaee; Morteza Chaji; omid khorasani; Farshad Baghban
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of rumen pH-adjusting additives on histomorphometry and histopathology of rumen, reticulum, liver, and kidney. Twelve Arabi male lambs, 9±1 months old and initial body weight of 35.95±3.55 kg were used in a completely randomized design with ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of rumen pH-adjusting additives on histomorphometry and histopathology of rumen, reticulum, liver, and kidney. Twelve Arabi male lambs, 9±1 months old and initial body weight of 35.95±3.55 kg were used in a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replicates in 35 days. The experimental treatments consisted of 1- A control diet, 2- Control diet+sodium bicarbonate buffer, 3- Control diet+Megasphaera elsdenii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (bacteria-yeast). At the end of the experiment, the lambs were slaughtered and tissue sampls from the liver, kidney, reticulum, and rumen were collected, and the tissue sections with thickness of 5 μm were prepared. The wall thickness of the reticulum in the control treatment was significantly higher than the buffer recipient treatment (P<0.05). Also, the thickness of muscle-layer in the reticulum in the control treatment was more than other treatments and was significantly higher compare to the buffer recipient treatment (P<0.05). Papillae height and Papillae depth of reticulum in the bacteria-yeast recipient treatment were significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). In addition, the thickness of rumen epithelial tissue in the buffer and bacteria-yeast recipient treatments was less than the control treatment (P<0.05). The height of rumen papillae in the control treatment was significantly higher than the buffer and bacteria-yeast treatments. Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tissues was observed. In general, pH regulators, in high-concentrate diets protected the tissues, which were studied in the present experiment. In addition, the addition of bacteria-yeast effects as a biological regulator is comparable to the chemical buffer.
Sadegh Mayahi; Kamal Shojaeian; Morteza Chaji; Ghasem Jalilvand
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using portulaca oleracea as a source of plant antioxidants for feeding fattening male lambs, on carcass traits, meat quality, and oxidative stability. Twenty-one male lambs with an average weight of 24±1.5 kg and 150±15 days old were ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using portulaca oleracea as a source of plant antioxidants for feeding fattening male lambs, on carcass traits, meat quality, and oxidative stability. Twenty-one male lambs with an average weight of 24±1.5 kg and 150±15 days old were fed with one of the experimental rations included a diet without portulaca oleracea as control, a diet containing 7.5%, and a diet containing 15% portulaca oleracea, for 84 days. The muscle (Longissimus dorsi) samplewas used to determine pH, chemical composition, colorimetric properties, and oxidative stability of meat. Meat lipid oxidation was determined after 1, 7, and 30 days of refrigerated storage using thiobarbituric acid (TBARS). The use of portulaca oleracea in diets improved meat color characteristics such as L, chroma, and Hue. The highest ash concentration and the lowest meat moisture were observed in the treatment of 15% portulaca oleracea (P<0.05). Meat pH was the lowest in the first hour after slaughter but did not differ at 24 h. Compared to the control, in both treatment groups feeding the lambs with portulaca significantly reduced the concentration of Malondialdehyde in the meat of the lambs and increased the meat oxidative stability (P<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that feeding portulaca oleracea by improving properties such as color and increasing the meat oxidative stability improves meat quality, which may have lead to an increase in its nutritional value in terms of human health.
Akbar Abarghani; Morteza Chaji; Hormoz Mansori; Morteza Mamouei; Khalil Mirzadeh; Hedayat-ollah Roshanfekr
Abstract
In present experiment fermantability of three halophyte species including: Atriplex leucoclada (AL), Suaeda fruticosa (SF) and Seidlitzia rosmarinus (SR) in the form of individually or mixed as 0.0, 33.5 66.5 and 100% with each other (9 diets), were evaluated using a compelet randomized design. These ...
Read More
In present experiment fermantability of three halophyte species including: Atriplex leucoclada (AL), Suaeda fruticosa (SF) and Seidlitzia rosmarinus (SR) in the form of individually or mixed as 0.0, 33.5 66.5 and 100% with each other (9 diets), were evaluated using a compelet randomized design. These halophyte species were collected from southern rangelands of Khuzestan province during autumn and winter grazing season. The diets were different regarding the rate and amount of gas producedtion (P<0.05). The AL produced lowest but diet containing 66.5 SF+ 33.5 SR (T8) had highest gas production compared with other diets (P<0.05). Diet containing AL and SR respectively had the lowest and highest true OM digestibility, true fermentable OM, total volatile fatty acid, ME and maximum microbial mass production (P<0.05). The fficiency of microbial mass production in AL was the highest and the lowest efficiency was for T8 diet. Concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen with feeding all diets was higher than its threshold level, so they prepare enogh amount of ammonia nitrogen for maximum. Microbial biomass production. Therefore, diets T5 and T8 were the best diets to provide the nutrients requirements of camels; but from of range improvement poit of view combined diets are preferred than each of the three plants alone.
Nasrin Mahdavirad; Morteza Chaji; Mohammad Bojarpour; Mehdi Dehghan banadaki
Abstract
The aim of present experiment was to investigate the buffering capacity of some buffers or alkalizers, their effect on digestion and fermentation of high concentration diets. The concentration of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 g in 100 ml from different buffers and alkalizing agents including: sodium bicarbonate, ...
Read More
The aim of present experiment was to investigate the buffering capacity of some buffers or alkalizers, their effect on digestion and fermentation of high concentration diets. The concentration of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 g in 100 ml from different buffers and alkalizing agents including: sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, sodium bentonite, zeolite and combined buffer (0.75% sodium bicarbonate+ 0.75% sodium sesquicarbonate) was used. The initial pH of the buffer solution, the amount of consumed hydrochloric acid for abrupt changes of pH to 5.2 or below it, and the final pH was registered. The lowest amount of the hydrochloric acid was consumed for solutions containing sodium bentonite, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate and control for suddently dropping their pH; and highest amount by sodium sesquicarbonate, combined buffer and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. The zeolite buffer also indicated a proper resistance to pH changes and did not have a significant difference with the combined buffer or sodium bicarbonate buffer. The treatments in gas production were included: control or basal diet without buffer, and amounts of 0.5 to 2% sodium bicarbonate, 0.5 to 2% sodium sesquicarbonate, 0.5% sodium bentonite, 2% magnesium carbonate, 1.5, 2 and 2.5% of zeolite and combined buffer, which were added to basal diet. The highest produced gas was in the sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, combined buffers and zeolite. Therefore, sodium sesquicarbonate, combined buffers, sodium bicarbonate and zeolite had the best position respectively, which were evaluated as suitable buffers for using in diets containing high concentration ingredients for feeding the ruminant animals.
Fatemeh Khalilavi; Morteza Mamoei; Saleh Tabatabaei; Morteza Chaji
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of royal jelly injection in comparison with different doses of eCG on Arabian ewe's reproductive efficiency in the short and long term estrous synchronization programs in non-breeding season. 72 Arabic breed ewes with age of two to five-year and average ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of royal jelly injection in comparison with different doses of eCG on Arabian ewe's reproductive efficiency in the short and long term estrous synchronization programs in non-breeding season. 72 Arabic breed ewes with age of two to five-year and average weight of 38.8±1.2 kg were used. Ewes were receiving intravaginal sponges for 6 days (36) and 12 days (36). At the time of sponge removal, each group was divided into three subgroups of 12 ewes, and they received 300, 600 IU eCG and a combination of 500 mg royal jelly and 300 IU eCG (eCG-RJ), respectively. Fertility rate was greater in 600 IU eCG and RJ-eCG treatment than 300 IU ewes (P<0.05). Barren rate and gestation period were lower in this treatment compare to 300 IU ewes (P<0.05). Weaning weight and net income and gross income were greater in RJ-eCG treatment than other groups (P<0.05). Oestrus incidence, prolificacy rate and mean of birth weight were not different between the treatments (P>0.05). Results demonstrate that MAP sponge with 6 days priming for oestrus induction in anoestrus ewes was as effective as 12-day treatment. Also, the treatments of RJ-eCG and 600 IU eCG in conjunction with sponge-MAP were similarly effective in induction of oestrus and improvement of fertility. However, from economic point of view, treatment of RJ-eCG showed better results and can be used to enhance the reproductive efficiency in the livestock.
Zahra Aminifard; Morteza Chaji; Tahereh Mohammadabadi
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to determine nutritional values of wild pistachio trees (P. khinjuk) leaves it\'s use it in the diet of sheep. Initially chemical composition of P. khinjuk leaf was determined. The diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of P. khinjuk leaf were prepared and ...
Read More
The present experiment was conducted to determine nutritional values of wild pistachio trees (P. khinjuk) leaves it\'s use it in the diet of sheep. Initially chemical composition of P. khinjuk leaf was determined. The diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of P. khinjuk leaf were prepared and used for sheep to determine the best replacement level of it with corn silage. Fermentation and digestion characteristics of experimental diets were investigated by in vitro gas production technique. Effects of selected diets from the in vitro step (control and diet contains 30% of the khinjuk leaf) on feed intake, digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation parameters and blood metabolites were studied using 10 Arabian rams in a completely randomized design. The concentration of crude protein, NDF, ADF and tannin in khinjuk leaf were 9.88, 47.95, 39.02 and 3.9%, respectively. The gas production declined by increasing the percentage of P. khinjuk leaf in the diet, but the microbial biomass and efficiency of microbial synthesis was increased (P0.05). Digestibility of crude protein and concentration of ammonia nitrogen in rumen fluid and blood urea nitrogen in diet containing of P. khinjuk leaf was lower (P
Fatemeh Rezaee; Tahereh Mohammadabadi; Morteza Chaji; Mohammad Reza Mashayekhi
Abstract
This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of phenolic components of Scrophularia striata powder on feed intake, digestion and fermentation, rumination kinetic and rumen ecosystem in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep. In this experiment, 12 six months old lambs and average weight 30±1.5 kg were fed with ...
Read More
This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of phenolic components of Scrophularia striata powder on feed intake, digestion and fermentation, rumination kinetic and rumen ecosystem in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep. In this experiment, 12 six months old lambs and average weight 30±1.5 kg were fed with 0 (control), 3 and 6 percent Scrophularia striata for one month. Feed intake, digestibility, rumination activity, blood metabolites and protozoa were measured. The results showed that the use of Scrophularia striata had no effect on dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) intake, body weight and feed efficiency (P>0.05). Highest digestibility of DM, OM and the protein was for 3% Scrophularia striata (P
Behrouz Yarahmadi; Morteza Chaji; Mohammad Boujarpour; Khalil Mirzadeh; Morteza Rezaei
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to study the effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as tannin source and different level of forage: concentrate ratio on digestibility, blood parameters, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in milking ewes. Therefore, eight Lori milking ewes were ...
Read More
This experiment was carried out to study the effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as tannin source and different level of forage: concentrate ratio on digestibility, blood parameters, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in milking ewes. Therefore, eight Lori milking ewes were alocated to factorial experiment base on the 4×4 replicated Latin square design. Four total mixed ration diets were formulated with two level of concentrate and two level of intake forage which consisted of forage: concentrate ratios of 35:65 high concentrate without sainfoin (HC), 65:35 low concentrate without sainfoin (LC), 35:65 high concentrate with sainfoin (HCS) and 65:35 low concentrate with sainfoin (LCS). Total phenols, total and condensed tannin among treatments were significantly different (P<0.05). Digestibility of DM and OM in the HCS treatment were higher compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). The ruminal pH and NH3-N values in HCS and HC diets were lower than those fed HC diet. The concentration of ruminal VFAs in ewes received low concentrate diet were higher (P<0.05). The acetate to propionate ratio was lower in HC and HCS treatments. The results showed milk yield in HC and HCS treatments was greater than other treatments (P<0.05). Level of concentrate effect were significant on milk fat, lactose, SNF and protein (P<0.05). In total, adding to sainfoin as a tannins source to diet with high concentrate ratio (65%) increased organic matter and fiber digestibility, and also increased ruminal propionate and finally, increased milk yield and protein.
Sadegh Asadollahi; Mohsen Sari; Naeem Erfanimajed; Morteza Chaji; Morteza Mamouei
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of partial replacement of barley starch with beet pulp soluble fiber with or without roasted canola seed on apparent nutrient digestibility, dry matter intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and rumenal pH 24 Arabian male lambs were used for 84 days in a completely ...
Read More
In order to investigate the effect of partial replacement of barley starch with beet pulp soluble fiber with or without roasted canola seed on apparent nutrient digestibility, dry matter intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and rumenal pH 24 Arabian male lambs were used for 84 days in a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Treatments had no significant effect on the dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, and apparent digestibility of protein and organic matter (P>0.05). High starch diets compared with high soluble fiber diets caused a significant decrease in the digestibility of DM, OM, ADF and NDF (P<0.01). Canola seed addition significantly decreased ADF and NDF digestibilities (P<0.01). The carbohydrate source by canola seed interaction was significant for daily weight gain and rumen pH (P<0.01) indicating that addition of canola seed to high starch diet increased daily weight gain and rumen pH more dramatically in comparison with diet containing soluble fiber (P<0.01). It is concluded that partial replacement of starch with soluble fiber and addition of canola seed to these diets could have positive effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and rumen pH.
